History of Animation Essay

The zoetrope is a device which creates the image of a moving picture. The earlier elementary zoetrope was created in China around 180 AD by the prolific inventor Ting Huan Made from translucent paper or isinglass panels, Huan hung the device over a lamp. The rising air turned vanes at the top from which hung the pictures painted on the panels would appear to move if the device is spun at the the right way speed. Magic Lantern (1600)The magic lantern is the predecessor of the modern day projector. It consisted of a translucent oil painting and a simple lamp. When put together in a darkened room, the image would appear larger on a flat surface. Athanasius Kircher spoke about this originating from China in the 16th century but it was authentic in the late 1650s by Christian Huygens. Some slides for the lanterns contained parts that could be mechanically actuated to present limited movement on the screen. Thaumatrope (1824)A thaumatrope was a simple toy use upd in the Victorian era. A thaumatrope is a small circular disk or card with twain antithetic pictures on each side that was attached to a piece of string or a pair of strings running through the centre. When the string is twirled promptly between the fingers, the two pictures appear to combine into a single image. The thaumatrope demonstrates the Phi phenomenon, the brains ability to persistently perceive an image. Its invention is variously credited to Charles Babbage, prick Roget, or John Ayrton Paris, but Paris is known to have utilize one to illustrate the Phi phenomenon in 1824 to the Royal College of Physicians. Flip book (1868)The inaugural cockle book was patented in 1868 by John Barnes Linnet. Flip books were yet another development that brought us closer to modern animation. Like the Zoetrope, the Flip watchword creates the illusion of motion. A set of sequential pictures flipped at a high speed creates this effect. The Mutoscope (1894) is basically a flip book in a blow with a crank han dle to flip the pages. Praxinoscope (1877)The Praxinoscope, invented by French scientist Charles-mile Reynaud, was a more(prenominal) sophisticated meter reading of the zoetrope. It used the same basic mechanics of a strip of images placed on the inside of a spinning cylinder, but instead of viewing it through slits, it was viewed in a series of small, stationary mirrors around the inside of the cylinder, so that the animation would stay in place, and provide a cle arer image and better quality. Reynaud also developed a larger version of the Praxinoscope that could be projected onto a screen, called the Theater Optique.Information on the Present Traditional Animation Are the oldest and historically the most popular form of animation. In a traditionalisticly- animated cartoon, each frame is drawn by hand. Timing is important for the animators skeleton these frames each frame must match exactly what is going on in the soundtrack at the moment the frame allow appear, or else the d iscrepancy between sound and visual will be distracting to the audience. For example, in high-budget productions, extensive causal agency is given in making sure a speaking characters mouth matches in shape the sound that characters agent is producing as he or she speaks. Feature-length filmsThe first animated feature film was El Apstol, made in 1917 by Quirino Cristiani from Argentina. He also directed two other animated feature films, including 1931s Peludopolis, the first to use synchronized sound. None of these, however, survive to the present day. The earliest-surviving animated feature, which used colour-tinted scenes, is the silhouette-animated Adventures of Prince Achmed directed by German Lotte Reiniger and French/Hungarian Berthold Bartosch. Walt Disneys Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs are often considered to be the first animated feature when in event at least eight were previously released. However, Snow White was the first to become successful and well-known within t he English-speaking world and the first to use cell animation. Stop MotionStop motion is used for many animation productions using physical objects rather than images of people, as with traditional animation. An object will be photographed, moved slightly, and then photographed again. When the pictures are played back in normal speed the object will appear to move by itself. The first example of object manipulation and stop-motion animation was the 1899 short film by Albert E. Smith and J. Stuart Blackton called The Humpty Dumpty Circus. A European stop motion pioneer was Wladyslaw Starewicz who animated The bonnie Lukanida .The Battle of the Stag Beetles and The Ant and the Grasshopper. CGI animationComputer-generated imagery (CGI) revolutionized animation. The first film done completely in CGI was Toy Story, produced by Pixar. The process of CGI animation is in time very tedious and similar in that sense to traditional animation and it still adheres to many of the same principle s. A principal difference of CGI Animation compared to traditional animation is that drawing is replaced by 3D modelling, almost like a virtual version of stop-motion, though a form of animation that combines the two worlds keep be considered to be computer aided animation but on 2D computer drawing (which can be considered close to traditional drawing and sometimes based on it). Cell-shaded animationA type of non-photorealistic rendering designed to make computer graphics appear to be hand-drawn. Cell-shading is often used to mimic the style of a comic book or cartoon. It is a somewhat recent addition to computer graphics, most commonly turning up in console video games. Though the end result of cell-shading has a very simplistic feel like that of hand-drawn animation, the process is complex. The name comes from the clear sheets of acetate, called cells, which are painted on for use in traditional 2D animation. It may be considered a 2.5D form of animation. True real-time cell-sha ding was first introduced in 2000 by Segas Jet Set Radio for their Dreamcast console. Besides video games, a number of anime have also used this style of animation, such as Freedom Project in 2006. CGI Animated humansMost CGI created films are based on animal characters, monsters, machines or cartoon-like humans. Animation studios are now difficult to develop ways of creating realistic-looking humans. Films that have attempted this include Final Fantasy The Spirits Within in 2001, Final Fantasy Advent Children in 2005, The frosty Express in 2004, Beowulf in 2007 and Resident Evil Degeneration in 2009. However, due to the complexity of human body functions, emotions and interactions, this method of animation is rarely used. The more realistic a CG character becomes, the more difficult it is to create the nuances and details of a living person. The creation of hair and clothing that move convincingly with the animated human character is another area of difficulty. The Incredibles an d Up both have humans as protagonists, while films like Avatar combine animation with racy action to create humanoid creatures.